What does a colostomy involve?

• A. Creation of an opening in the abdomen
• B. Removal of the liver
• C. Reconstruction of the stomach
• D. Removal of the gallbladder

Answer: (A)

A colostomy involves the creation of an opening in the abdomen, known as a stoma, which is formed to allow stool to exit the body when the normal route through the rectum is not possible due to disease or injury. This procedure is performed when a part of the bowel is diseased, obstructed, or needs to be bypassed, creating a new path for waste elimination. After the surgery, a colostomy bag is attached to the stoma to collect the waste.

The other options do not pertain to the colostomy procedure: removal of the liver refers to a liver resection or transplant, reconstruction of the stomach might involve surgical techniques for conditions like ulcers or cancer, and removal of the gallbladder is related to cholecystectomy, which does not involve the colon or the creation of an abdominal opening for stool passage.